Let’s say you’re frustrated with a delayed passport, irregular garbage collection, or a leaking pipeline. You want action—but you also want answers. That’s where the confusion starts: should you file an RTI or raise a complaint on a grievance portal?
Both tools seem similar, but they serve very different purposes. One is designed to give you information, while the other helps you demand action. Using the wrong one often leads to wasted time, vague replies, or outright rejections.
So let’s break it down.
The Right to Information (RTI) Act, 2005 empowers Indian citizens to seek existing information from public authorities. You can ask for documents, file notings, inspection records, or status updates that are already on file.
The goal is transparency—not resolution. The Public Information Officer (PIO) is bound to reply within 30 days, but they’re not obligated to fix your problem.
In contrast, public grievance portals are platforms meant to handle complaints and take corrective action.
When your pension is delayed, garbage isn’t being picked up, or a government employee is being negligent, that’s not something RTI can directly solve. You need to file a complaint on platforms like:
- CPGRAMS (for Central Government departments)
- State-level grievance portals (e.g., Rajasthan Sampark, UP Jansunwai)
- Department-specific systems (like Municipal Corporation apps or portals)
Here’s a comparison to make it clearer:
| Feature | RTI Application | Grievance Portal Complaint |
|---|---|---|
| Purpose | Get information or copies of records | Get redressal for a complaint |
| Legal Backing | RTI Act, 2005 | Administrative guidelines |
| Time limit for response | 30 days (Section 7(1) RTI Act) | Usually 15–60 days (varies by department) |
| Can ask for action? | No | Yes |
| Can demand documents? | Yes | Not always |
| Can escalate to Commission? | Yes, to Information Commission | Only within department hierarchy |
To give an example:
If your road hasn’t been repaired in months, and you want to know why and which contractor was assigned, file an RTI. But if you want to demand that the road be repaired, file a grievance.
In fact, using both tools together is often more effective. First, file a grievance to demand action. If nothing happens, file an RTI asking for the status of your complaint, inspection reports, or internal file notings. That’s when the system is forced to take notice.
Need help writing a strong, clear RTI? Check out our guide on How to Write a Clear and Effective RTI Application – with formats and real-life examples.
Now that you understand the difference between RTI and grievance redressal, let’s talk about how to use them strategically. In many cases, using both can help you get faster, more transparent outcomes.
Here’s a simple approach:
- File a complaint first using the relevant grievance portal. Be clear, factual, and include evidence like photos or complaint numbers.
- Wait for the official deadline to pass—most departments respond within 15 to 60 days.
- If no action is taken or the reply is vague, file an RTI asking for:
- Status of your grievance
- Copies of internal notings or file movement
- Names/designations of officers handling the complaint
- Reason for delay or inaction
This dual method works well because it puts pressure on the system. The grievance portal brings attention, and the RTI brings accountability.
Where to file grievance
| Department/Issue | Portal |
|---|---|
| Central Government Departments | CPGRAMS |
| State-Level Issues (e.g., water, roads) | State portals like UP Jansunwai, Bihar Lok Shikayat |
| Municipal Complaints | City-level apps (like MCGM, Swachhata App) |
| PSU or Bank Complaints | Internal grievance cell or RBI CMS |
When using RTI, make sure your question is limited to existing records, not expectations or demands. For example:
“Please provide copies of all action taken reports on grievance ID XXXXX filed on [date] regarding non-supply of water in XYZ area.”
If even your grievance and RTI both fail, you still have options:
- Escalate your complaint to a higher authority or vigilance wing.
- File a First Appeal under RTI if you didn’t get a proper reply.
- Approach Lokayukta, consumer forums, or High Court depending on the issue.
Still didn’t get an RTI reply after all that? Learn What to Do If You Don’t Get a Reply to Your RTI – complete with appeal formats.
FAQs
1. Can I file both RTI and grievance together?
Yes, and in many cases, doing both strengthens your case.
2. What if the grievance portal closes my complaint without solving it?
You can reopen it (if allowed), escalate it, or file an RTI to question the closure.
3. Are grievance replies legally binding?
Not usually. They are administrative in nature and depend on internal rules.
4. Is there any fee for filing grievances?
No, grievance complaints are free.
5. Can I use RTI to know who ignored my complaint?
Yes. Ask for the names and designations of the officers who handled it.
